Showing posts with label Cloud Management. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Cloud Management. Show all posts

Wednesday, 2 December 2009

Are you thinking about investing time and money in the Cloud ?

We hear the buzz words echoing around the industry on a regular basis, Social Networking, Twitter, Facebook, iPhone and most interesting (to me anyhow) Cloud Computing. I've been in communications for almost 20 years and have embraced and sold many different technologies. Does anyone recall ICL DRS6000's or IBM AIX platforms ? Mainframes serving terminals ? Wyse 50's in Green, Amber or even White (that was the back colour of the screen itself, not a colour screen god forbid!). 
 
Technologies evolve and find their own niche or become the norm in a very short space of time if the time is right. Wyse (as an example) evolved from a green screen manufacturer into a provider and innovator of thin client solutions forging partnerships with Citrix and microsoft to become one of the major players in a new paradigm Server Based Computing. Cloud based Computing is simply one rung up the ladder from the server by putting the server in the Internet. It's simply yet another evolution in the world of communications and IT.

I read an article today stating that Cloud Computing will bring forth a 'Sea Change' in IT in the coming months and years. I believe we're already travelling through this change and the problem is we're all not getting it quick enough ! Technology changes, it does not wait for us to understand it and adopt, it forges ahead and expects us to take notice or pass it by... Everyone, from the one man start up to the latgest Enterprise needs to understand what Cloud Computing can do for their business because it will save everyone a vast amount of time, energy and money. Let's not lose out to our competitors as they sell Cloud solutions to our clients, let's embrace the space and innovate alongside the 'sea change' which is in play. 

Cloud Distribution are about helping partners jump on the bus, build a portfolio of solutions for their clients and start making money out of this next buzz word. The futures bright, the futures cloudy :-)

Tuesday, 1 December 2009

Real-World Cloud Computing Applications

In this article, we will see some examples of real-world Cloud Computing applications: Coca-Cola Enterprises uses a Cloud-based system to streamline operations with merchandisers in the field; Nasdaq uses Amazon's S3 Cloud Service to deliver historical stock and mutual fund information, rather than add the load to its own database and computing infrastructure; Animoto, a small start-up which decided to use Amazon's Cloud Services, was able to keep up with soaring demand for its service and scale up from 50 instances to 3,500 instances over a three day period.

Monday, 23 November 2009

How the Enterprise Cloud Will Affect the Datacenter

There are a variety of applications that support numerous business lines across an enterprise. These applications exhibit a wide range of operational characteristics as they service the diverse business demands. That diversity is the key to business success, but it has consequences. Ask an enterprise application architect about how IT should run a data center and you will find that the range of behaviours exhibited across the portfolio of applications cannot be run on one set of standard platform configurations. Most critical applications have extreme operational requirements that require specialised adjustments to operating environments.


Ask any data center manager about accommodating those different application behaviours and they will tell you the proliferation of platforms makes it impossible to contain costs, manage complexity or maintain reliability, especially for those critical applications.

Ask any business executive about how business is running and they will tell you that applications cost too much to develop, run and maintain. They cannot correlate growth to investment in IT.

Offering IT as a service requires a paradigm shift in technology, operational processes and thinking about how business demand – manifested by applications – affects the use of all data center resources. Enterprise Cloud Computing enables IT as a service and is the next phase in data center evolution to solve this spiralling dilemma. The question is, how does business successfully operate this expensive investment?

ENTERPRISE CLOUD IN BRIEF
The Enterprise Cloud combines a series of evolving and maturing technologies with associated techniques that make it easier to leverage the power of distributed processing while minimising the complexity and difficulty associated with such distribution. The location of compute, network and storage resources required to operate applications becomes transparent through virtualisation and dynamic allocation. Applications are serviced by pools of infrastructure services that do not have to be dedicated to an application. This fluidity is supported by advances in resource monitoring, advanced security and faster networking. The promise of cloud computing is providing significantly improved user experience, while balancing cost and efficiency – three critical pillars that must be satisfied for a business to succeed. But IT promises rarely live up to the hype, and the reason is simple: IT typically builds such projects with little input from the business on growth and general usage.

The cloud, even with all its new technologies, is not magic. It is an operating environment that needs to be designed to perform optimally. The design must start top-down, with business requirements taking into account:

• How the business operates;
• What are the peaks, cycles and key operating drivers; and
• How vital is availability, or processing massive throughput?

The typical IT response has been to design from the bottom up. In a sufficiently large enterprise, the answer will be yes for many requirements questions, but not for all the applications, nor for all lines of business. In the absence of that knowledge, the answer has been to design from the bottom up, resulting in an overengineered operating platform, which increases cost and complexity while causing data center sprawl to swell, thus reducing reliability.

Sunday, 22 November 2009

NTT Uses OpSource to Compete with AT&T’s Cloud

When Nippon Telegraph and Telephone (NTT), the world's biggest telco, took a piece of the $10 million E series funding going into OpSource earlier this year, the pair reportedly didn't know they would be going into the cloud business together – or that it would be on the same day that AT&T told people to stand by because it was about to launch an Infrastructure-as-a-Service that looks a lot like Amazon.


Carriers like NTT and AT&T can give cloud-craving enterprises a warm and cuddly, hesitancy-overcoming feeling because of the way they have with security, availability and performance - and their ability to make production clouds cheaper than Amazon can because they can cut a deal on outbound connectivity. And Amazon can't run a security check on who's using its cloud the way carriers can to make the metaphor safer.

So now OpSource is piggybacking on NTT America, a subsidiary of NTT Communications and one of Google's main networking suppliers that provides enterprise hosting, managed networks and IP networking services worldwide, in the name of the enterprise public cloud adoption.

 NTT America is kicking in its secure data centers and Tier 1 global IP network as the underpinning of the OpSource Cloud, starting in America and eventually branching out.
According to OpSource CEO Trib Ryan, it's unlikely NTT will pick up another girl to dance with - let alone take home.

Thursday, 19 November 2009

Rackspace Cloud Biz Doubles

Budding cloud merchant Rackspace Hosting came in with better-than-expected net revenue of $162.4 million for the September quarter, up 17.4% year-over-year and up 6.8% sequentially. Earnings were up 45.3% year-over-year to $7.6 million or six cents a share and up 8.8% quarter-over-quarter.

Managed hosting revenue increased to $147.1 million, up 6% sequentially. Cloud revenue increased to $15.3 million, up 17% from the previous quarter. The company said its cloud business now represents ~10% of its total net revenues, up from 5% this time last year.

Total server count increased to 54,655, up from 52,269 servers and total customers increased to 80,944, up from 70,803 in Q2.
Capital expenditures were $46.7 million, including $28.7 million for purchases of customer gear, $4 million for data center build outs, $5.4 million for office buildouts and $8.5 million for capitalized software and other expenditures. These capex costs hurt.
Rackspace expects to have total capex of ~$185 million for the year, including $110 million for customer gear, $35 million for data centers, $15 million for office space, and $25 million for capitalized software and other.

It's got $103 million in the bank and $58.5 million in debt. Employment is up to 2,730 people.

visit our website @ http://www.cloud-distribution.com

Tuesday, 17 November 2009

SuccessFactors Joins EuroCloud as Founding Member

Today SuccessFactors, Inc. the global leader in business execution software , added its weight behind Europe's first ever Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) and cloud services business community, EuroCloud. Led by Pierre-Jose Billotte, President and Founder of the French ASP Forum, with a team of SaaS and cloud computing players from the UK, Denmark, Finland, Belgium, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Ireland, Portugal, Spain and Sweden, with discussions under way in ten other countries including Germany, Italy, Poland and the Ukraine, EuroCloud gathers together leading SaaS vendors, enablers, integrators and industry experts to share best practice, and facilitate expansion of their respective businesses across the continent.
(Logo: http://www.newscom.com/cgi-bin/prnh/20090602/SF26086LOGO)

As one of the market's leading cloud-computing vendors, SuccessFactors recently unveiled its Business Execution (BizX) Software suite, which enables companies to bridge the gap between strategy and execution. The Business Execution Software suite empowers the C-level and human resources professionals alike to tie the performance of their people directly to overall business goals and execute more effectively everyday.
"With capital budgets under pressure, customers are demanding more cost effective alternatives to on-premise systems, fuelling the growth of cloud computing. As a company, we are at the forefront of that growth and innovation," said Tom Fisher, Vice President Cloud Computing, SuccessFactors. "SuccessFactors is one of the leading vendors spearheading the cloud-computing adoption model with more than five million users globally as demand for cloud computing continues to mature and grow at the enterprise application level. The EuroCloud initiative is a fantastic opportunity to create a regional cloud services community, influence other existing communities on the financial and operational benefits of the cloud, and harness the huge potential market across Europe."

According to industry analysts IDC, worldwide IT spending on cloud services will grow almost threefold, reaching US$44.2 billion by 2013 (IDC eXchange, "IDC's New IT Cloud Services Forecast: 2009-2013" - http://blogs.idc.com/ie/,October 5, 2009)

Monday, 16 November 2009

The Top 150 Players in Cloud Computing

SYS-CON's Cloud Computing Journal Expands Again Its List of Most Active Players in the Cloud Ecosystem

A robust ecosystem of solutions providers is emerging around cloud computing. Here, SYS-CON's Cloud Computing Journal expands its list of most active players in the fast-emerging Cloud Ecosystem, from the 'mere' 100 we identified back in January of this year, to half as many again - testimony, if any further were needed, to the fierce and continuing growth of the "Elastic IT" paradigm throughout the world of enterprise computing.

Read on here - http://cloudcomputing.sys-con.com/node/770174


visit our website @ http://www.cloud-distribution.com

Friday, 13 November 2009

Cloud Computing & Political Correctness

I woke this morning to read David Lithicum's article "How to kill the cloud: Claim it's about job loss," originally published at InfoWorld.com.

Here is my initial thought: are you kidding me ? David's theory is that the adoption of Cloud Computing would be far more "acceptable" (aka politically correct) if we didn't have executives like Unisys's Richard Marcello saying: "We were able to eliminate a whole bunch of actually U.S.-based jobs and kind of replace them with two folks out of India to serve a 1,200-person engineering organization."

To be fair, I think David is a really brite guy and he correctly observes that technology innovation often sets forth unrealistic expectations when it comes to realizing cost reductions and other benefits. But to read this: "The message here is that the cloud computing industry needs to think a bit about what it's saying in the promotion of cloud computing. Some of the "cloud computing experts" are sending wrong and inaccurate messages. In other words, they're not helping." What are they not helping ? Don't you believe that enhancing the quality of systems and reducing the expense of deploying them for the benefit of customers isn't at the core of innovation ? Isn't that what its all about ? For those who don't think so I suggest a view of Danny Devito's Larry the liquidator speech from the movie Other People's Money below. Amen, you just heard a prayer - the prayer for the "dead".


Bottom line is that the IT world along with players in a variety of industries are at peril because the value paradigms they are operating around are no longer relevant to the market. Its only a matter of time until a combination of forces including globalism, technology advancements and mega cultural shifts turn over their proverbial apple carts. David do you honestly believe that the "press" people get around the "truth" (being that reengineering significant aspects of business models via cloud computing will eliminate vast segments of the job market and redeploy them abroad) will stop this revolution ? Perhaps it would help advance our industry to be more transparent about obsolesence, change, and continuing to get an increasing share of a shrinking market.

read more

visit our website @ http://www.cloud-distribution.com

Thursday, 12 November 2009

Trust and Reliability in Cloud Computing


Vordel, a provider of governance products for Cloud Computing and Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) announced at VordelWorld, its annual user conference in Dublin, Ireland, the release of the Vordel Cloud Service Broker. The Vordel Cloud Service Broker aggregates and manages multi-domain services. This creates a trusted environment for enterprises to leverage the benefits of Cloud Computing.

Organizations who wish to use Cloud services in conjunction with their own SOA and those of their partners face major issues related to reliability and trustworthiness. One significant challenge is aggregating services from multiple domains including Public, Private and Community Clouds - into coherent composite services and applying policies to them. The Vordel Cloud Service Broker solves this multi-domain problem by registering services from all three domains into a single repository – the multi-domain registry repository - enabling monitoring, management and policy enforcement. Additionally, the Vordel Cloud Service Broker offers value-added services such as caching, acceleration, and transformation saving enterprises time and money while creating a trusted and reliable environment.

Gartner commented that “The future of cloud computing will be permeated with the notion of brokers negotiating relationships between providers of cloud services and the service consumers. In this context, a broker might be software, appliances, platforms or suites of technologies that enhance the base services available through the cloud. Enhancement will include managing access to the services, providing greater security or even creating completely new services.”1
Vordel CEO, Vic Morris, speaking about the company's Cloud Service Broker news said "Trust is a major barrier to Cloud adoption particularly among enterprises. It's clear that many organizations see the value of incorporating Cloud Services into their IT infrastructure, but they also have concerns about the reliability and performance of these services outside their domain of control. The Vordel Cloud Service Broker addresses these issues by providing a trustworthy and reliable onramp to Cloud services allowing businesses to monitor and manage them in the same fashion as their own internal services. This means that composite applications can be built in a completely seamless fashion offering users full visibility, trust and control".
Key valued added services provided by the Vordel Cloud Service Broker include:
Multi-Domain Registry Repository
The Multi-Domain Registry (MDRR) aggregates together services across domains. These domains include not only Cloud providers such as Amazon and Google, but also local on-premises services, and business partner services. In this way, all of the services on which a business depends are managed in one place. This becomes a single point at which compliance to Service Level Agreements, compliance to privacy and security mandates, and usage statistics can be viewed.
Analytics for visibility
Organisations require a record of how they are using Cloud Computing, not least because they will be billed for this usage. The Vordel Cloud Service Broker provides an independent audit trail of Cloud service usage. Analytics of Cloud Computing usage includes not only raw usage information, but also information about service quality, patterns of usage over time, and identity of users. In this way, an organization can understand how they use Cloud Computing.
Content Analysis
All content sent to Cloud services must be analysed for leaked data, in order to enable Data Loss Prevention. In addition, content-level threats must be detected and blocked. This includes application-level attacks at the API and payload level.
Caching
Caching protects the enterprise from latency associated with connecting to the Cloud service. Cloud Service Broker’s cache saves the organization money by allowing some requests to be serviced by the broker itself, removing the need for a (billed) connection up to the Cloud provider.
Composition
Vordel Cloud Service Broker allows developers to link together local applications with Cloud-hosted applications. The local applications may be accessed via Web Services interfaces, via database calls, via message schemes such as MQ or JMS or simply via the file system.
Content transformation
Content sent to the Cloud service may need to be transformed, for example in order to mediate between different versions of applications. In addition, many Cloud services use REST API interfaces whereas internal services may use SOAP, JMS or older technologies such as COBOL. Vordel’s technology includes an accelerated transformation engine which allows data to be transformed at speed.
SLA Monitoring
Vordel Cloud Service Broker complements the Cloud Service providers by offering a comprehensive Service Level Agreement monitoring to monitor the response time of the Cloud service, and the entire transaction throughput time.
Traffic Throttling
Throttling is the “surge protector” of Cloud Computing. If an application makes a high number of calls to a Cloud service then a Cloud Service Broker can deflect a portion of the calls to back-up service, newly provisioned for this purpose.
Event Alerting
Events such as Cloud outages must be alerted, so that remedial measures can be put into place.
Extensibility 3rd Party Valued Added Services
Organizations may wish to add their own value-added services from 3rd party sources, or indeed add their own pluggable modules.

Vordel Cloud Service Broker will be available in Q1 2010.

visit our website @ http://www.cloud-distribution.com

Wednesday, 11 November 2009

Secure Enterprise Clouds

Big news on the Cloud Standards front, I was just informed that the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) - JTC 1 have formed a new Subcommittee (SC) at their Plenary last week that includes working groups for SOA and Web Services as well as a Study Group for standardization of cloud computing. (This information has not yet been made public, my source has indicated that I am allowed to share this)

The scope will include Standardization for interoperable Distributed Application Platform and services including Web Services, Service Oriented Architecture (SOA), and Cloud Computing. SC 38 will pursue active liaison and collaboration with all appropriate bodies (including other JTC 1 subgroups and external organizations, e.g., consortia) to ensure the development and deployment of interoperable distributed application platform and services standards in relevant areas.

Similar to other ISO initiatives each member country that’s interested in participating in this group will come up with their own structure to provide feedback on work items and establish voting positions, including the InterNational Committee for Information Technology Standards (INCITS) who will be the US TAG.

Administrative support and leadership of SC 38 will be provided as follows:

The US National Body will serve as Secretariat for the SC and its Working
Groups, and Dr. Donald R. Deutsch from the US National Body will serve as the Chair for the SC. The National Body of China will provide Ms. Yuan Yuan as the Convenor of the Working Group on SOA. The US National Body will provide the Convenor of the Working Group on Web Services. The National Body of Korea will provide Dr. Seungyun LEE as the Convenor of the Study Group on Cloud Computing. The National Body of China will provide Mr. Ping ZHOU as the Secretary of the Study Group on Cloud Computing.


visit our website @ http://www.cloud-distribution.com

Tuesday, 10 November 2009

Security and Compliance in the Cloud

Terry Woloszyn, Founder of PerspecSys, emphasized security and compliance in his session at the 4th International Cloud Computing Conference & Expo, held at the Santa Clara Convention Center, Nov. 2 – 4. In his session – "Addressing Data Privacy, Residency, and Security when Adopting Cloud Applications" - focused on new technologies and techniques that allow sensitive data to appear to be in the cloud, but really remain behind the enterprise firewall.

Woloszyn emphasized that "there should be a segregation of the data and the functionality. All the business sensitive date should be behind the firewall."

read more

Monday, 9 November 2009

Secure Enterprise Clouds

There is so much waste in the data centers of Fortune 1000 companies today that a CIO – as an officer of the company – could be considered in breach of their fiduciary duty to stockholders given the dollars in question. Of course that requires costs transparency, so sadly most are safe for now. It seems that every new technology innovation brings the promise of greater efficiencies and cost savings but in reality tends to leave a mess of ‘legacy’ infrastructure on the floor that results in a net higher TCO than the CIO had in the first place.
So what does this have to do with Cloud Computing? While there is no shortage of companies trying to ply their wares as the ideal enabler for Cloud, I am surprised by the lack of attention from vendors that have the most to gain – the Cloud providers themselves. If I put on my CIO shoes here are the things I care about:
  1. Business/IT synchronicity,
  2. Mitigation of risk,
  3. Leverage of new technologies/approaches to reduce the cost of delivering the IT services that the business requires.
Those three items, in that order of priority, are what I need to do to keep my job. Cloud, as a new delivery paradigm, certainly offers the potential to help with #1 and impact #3…but right now when I look at #2 most of the Cloud offerings make it worse, not better. Let’s be real here – if I pursue the Cloud offerings from IBM, Savvis, or Sun/Oracle I’ll feel more comfortable that my concerns about risk mitigation are addressed, but at the expense of the cost savings and business flexibility that prompted me to consider it in the first place. And as for the Google & Amazon offering...I’ll commend Amazon’s latest twist of a Virtual Private Cloud as a step in the right direction, but personally I’m still not going to bet my job on it.

Why can’t highly capable organizations like IBM make this easy for me? I mean, they have the software, services, and outsourcing (Cloud delivery) capabilities to make this easy for me. Why don’t they?

Here’s a thought: how about a Cloud vendor that provides the software tools and services to allow me to set up my own Cloud internally? And better yet, provide remote management capability to help me run it. Heck, while we’re running down the wish list I want the tools deployed locally to allow me to deploy remotely in your Cloud. Even better still – because I’m a suspicious, risk adverse CIO – how about you just offer that “run in my Cloud” as a scenario for Disaster Recovery? I like the sound of that…run in my data center under my control, with Cloud-like attributes to improve business relationships via responsiveness and reduced cost…best of all with my Vendor absorbing the cost and risk of guaranteeing Disaster Recovery. Now that’s a service I’d sign up for.

Sound like utopia? Guess what (IBM, Sun, Savvis, Amazon, Google, et al)…there’s a latecomer to the Cloud party called Unisys that’s offering this today. Why aren’t you?


visit our website @ http://www.cloud-distribution.com

Thursday, 5 November 2009

Key Considerations for Cloud Networking


Every enterprise has a unique network infrastructure for accessing servers and allowing applications to communicate between components.  Various layers support the management of network addressing, deliver critical services, and ensure security.  The infrastructure includes specific addressing (sub-nets), address services like DHCP/DNS, identity and directory services like LDAP, and firewals and routing rules – all reflecting the specific requirements and evolution of the given enterprise.

Clouds are not different from the enterprise in this respect; they have unique networking infrastructures that support complex and flexible multi-tenant environments.  Remember that the cloud providers have to control their networking so that they can route traffic within their infrastructure.  More important, their design is completely different from your enterprise networking architecture, design, and addressing.  This is not a problem if you’re doing something stand-alone in the cloud because you don’t care what the network structure is as long as you can access it over the internet.  However, if you want to extend your existing networks and use your existing applications, there are serious discontinuities that have to be addressed.
First, you have to deal with addressing.  The typical cloud provider will assign you a block of addresses as part of your cloud account.  For example, Flexiscale and GoGrid essentially give you get a block of assigned addresses that you can attach to the servers you create.  In some cases these are external addresses (meaning that they are public addresses that can be accessed from the internet), while in others, they are internal. 

In either case, they are not assigned as part of your addressing.  This means that even if you manage to connect these resources to your data center, you need to build new routes and alter your services to allow these “foreign” addresses into your system. Amazon originally took a different approach by providing a dynamic system where an address is assigned every time a server is started.  This made it hard to build multi-tier applications, requiring developers to design systems able to pass changing address information between application components.  The new VPC offering partially solves this problem for connecting to the Amazon cloud, although some key challenges remain.  Other cloud providers are investigating similar networking capabilities.

The next major issue with networking in the cloud is data protection.  In your data center, there is a secure perimeter defined and developed by your IT organization that is comprised of firewalls, rules, and systems to create a protected environment for your internal applications.  This is important because most applications need to communicate over ports and services that are not well protected and certainly not safe for general internet access.  Since applications are developed for the protected environment of the data center, it can be dangerous to move them unmodified into the cloud.  Under normal circumstances, the application owner or developer has to build protection on a per-server basis and enact corporate protection policies.

The loss of control of the infrastructure mentioned earlier has additional implications – in most clouds you can’t control the physical interface level.  That is, in addition to assigned IP addresses, you get MAC addresses assigned to you as well.  These addresses can change every time a server is started which means that the identity of the server (and associated IP addresses) cannot be based on this familiar attribute.
All of these networking issues are at play whenever enterprise applications require the support of your data center infrastructure – things like identity services, naming services, and access to internal databases and other resources.  Because of this, your cloud resources need a way to connect to your data center, of which the easiest approach is a VPN.  In building this solution, you need to design for routing to the cloud and provide a method for cloud applications to “reach back” to the applications and services running in your data center. Ideally, this connection would allow Layer-2 connectivity because a number of services require this level to function properly.

To wrap up this segment, networking, like storage, is a very important part of your IT infrastructure, and the cloud adds a number of interesting new variables to the design and operation of your data center environment.  What’s needed is a well-constructed architecture and a good understanding of the limitations imposed by the cloud if you want to integrate successfully with the public clouds.  Today, this can be a major barrier to cloud adoption since enterprises are understandably reluctant to re-architect their network environments or become knowledgeable about the complexities of each cloud provider’s underlying infrastructure.  When designing your cloud strategy, make sure to select a migration path that addresses these issues and protects you from costly engineering projects and cloud risks.

Original Article - http://cloudcomputing.sys-con.com/node/1166941

Tuesday, 3 November 2009

Virtualization 101

With Virtualization becoming intertwined with cloud computing it is worth taking a step back and looking once again what virtualization is, and is not. Virtualization and Emulation are often compared, but there are a set of important differences. Emulation provides the functionality of a target processor completely in software. The main advantage being that you can emulate one type of processor on any other type of processor.

Unfortunately it tends to be slow. Virtualization however involves taking a physical processor and partitioning it into multiple contexts. All of which take turns running directly on the processor itself. Because of this, Virtualization in faster than emulation.

Virtualization introduces an abstraction layer on top of resources, so that physical characteristics are hidden from the user. This abstraction layer takes care of resource allocation in order to meet the needs of the applications being run. In essence virtualization enables you to create one or more virtual machines that can run simultaneously at the same time as the host operating system. In its early days virtualization was more specialized and was utilized specifically in a vendor-controlled way, such as IBM’s LPAR approach for example. Virtualization vendors claim consolidation ratios of 4, with the potential for making available up to 75 percent of new infrastructure available in a date center.

Chipset manufacturers are now optimising the processors to support virtualisation. Both Intel and AMD have extended the instruction sets of their newer processors to give increased support for virtualisation. ‘AMD-V’ is what AMD have labelled their technology and Intel’s technology is called ‘VT.’ Expect even further advances. For example the Intel Xeon 7400 Dunnington processors include something called FlexMigration. This allows virtual machines to be moved around easily in a server pool.  You will need to understand in detail the processors that any virtualised environment runs upon as they offer a key mechanism for optimization.
Key to the virtualisation architecture is the hypervisor, the virtual machine manager. A hypervisor is a program that allows multiple operating systems to share a single hardware host. Although each operating system appears to have the host’s processor, memory, and other resources all to itself, the hypervisor is actually controlling the host processor and resources. It allocates what is needed to each operating system in turn, and these allocations can be managed and tuned.

There are two types of Hypervisor:
q Type 1: This is referred to as a bare-metal or native hypervisor. This type of hypervisor is software based and runs directly on a specific hardware and hosts a guest operating system. XEN, VMWARE, ESX, Parallels Server, Hyper-V all have examples of this type of hypervisor.
q Type 2: This type of hypervisor runs within an actual operating system. VMWARE Server (GSX), VirtualBox, Parallels Workstation and Desktop are examples of this type of hypervisor. The Type 2 Hypervisor is typically people are referring to when they think of Virtualisation.

There is a third element: Paravirtualisation. This is when the Operating System has been modified to be aware of the Hypervisor that is running. This makes the interaction and integration between the two much smoother and in theory less prone to any errors that may be generated. ‘Enlightenment” in Windows Server 2008 is an example of this as it enables the OS to interact directly with the Hypervisor.

With computing resources at a premium in terms of space, power, location, and cost, the use of virtualised infrastructures is a very compelling proposition for existing servers and hardware that are under utilised or have spare capacity cycles. Virtualisation can actually be thought of as addressing one of the deficiencies of building a large infrastructure, that of resource. It also addresses differences in OS infrastructure, software stacks etc. With virtualisation, on-demand deployment of pre-configured virtual machines containing all the software required by a job is possible. Flexibility is also added to resource management and application execution. For example running virtual machines can be controlled by freezing them (similar to check-pointing) or by migrating them in a real-time scenario while keeping the virtualised infrastructure running
Indeed this type of proposition is beginning to be thought of as a ‘private cloud’, in which virtualisation is used to deliver services across an organisation and in which best practices utilised in ‘public clouds’ are used to deliver this. These include Infrastructure-as-a-Service and Platform-as-a-Service type concepts in which Virtualisation and PaasS providers are releasing products and tools to enable the deployment and management of such private clouds. Examples of this are GigaSpaces who recently announcing tighter integration with VMWare which enables GigaSpaces to dynamically manage and scale VMWare instances and enable them to participate in the scaling of GigaSpaces hosted applications. A PaaS cloud provider such as GigaSpaces is able to do this due to VMWare’s launch of VSphere which opens up their VM product to allow management of both internal and external clouds. VMWare is pitching vSphere as the first Cloud-OS, which is able to break up separate hardware platforms into what they offer in terms of resources.

In terms of virtualisation, there are also drawbacks to watch out for. When you communicate ‘to’ and ‘from’ a virtualized node, the packets needs to pass through the virtualised communications layer. This is an overhead and you should estimate between 10-20% of a performance hit for this. Furthermore the VM is not an indication of the speed or performance of your grid. For example running four virtual machines on a 4 core 4-GHz chip is not the same as having 4 & 1Ghz dedicate chips for each VM. Also when one of your virtual machines is idle, if other VM’s are co-hosted they will get the majority of the power.

As the machines are virtual, and using resource cycles that are not in use, you may find that certain nodes are not available when you need or expect them. To this end you should ensure you have the ability to burst when required and have virtualised management infrastructure in place to handle this.

If you intend to embrace virtualisation then you will need to review machine specifications, paying special attention to processors and RAM,  and review storage and network infrastructure.

The positives however far outweigh any drawbacks and ultimately virtualisation will, over time, save money and, with all the innovation currently occurring around virtualisation, will make server administration easier.

Original Article - http://cloudcomputing.sys-con.com/node/1161571

Monday, 2 November 2009

Virtual Infrastructure: What Is Required for the Cloud

Too often organizations have deployed virtual infrastructure tactically to reduce server sprawl or speed application deployments. Without a higher level view of organizational priorities, bad habits persist; unused snapshots and zombie VMs become more the rule than the exception causing budgets to continue their upward spiral. As organizations begin to view virtualization strategically and consider its role in cloud infrastructure, it is important to consider the success factors of this foundational element.

In his session at Cloud Computing Conference & Expo, Adam Hawley, Director of Product Management for Oracle VM, will examine virtualization considerations such as workload availability, performance, and integration with enterprise systems and resources that are necessary to improve operational efficiency and service delivery.

Original Article - http://cloudcomputing.sys-con.com/node/1164865

Saturday, 31 October 2009

Which Cloud Is Right for You?

When enterprises and data centers evaluate cloud technologies and various solutions move their applications to the cloud computing paradigm, there are many important decisions to consider, such as Will the applications be portable? Are there significant code changes and workflow changes related to moving to the cloud? Are there compromises to consider when it comes to privacy, security, data availability and compliance? What would be the smoothest transition from traditional to cloud and how to avoid the proverbial "vendor lock-in"?

In this session Peter Nickolov, President & CTO at 3Tera, will answer these questions and discuss how the creation of application portability and interoperability among Public, Private, Hybrid Clouds and different vendors is what, once achieved, will unleash much wider cloud computing adoption.

Original Article - http://cloudcomputing.sys-con.com/node/1165094

Friday, 30 October 2009

Moving to the Cloud: What's Really Required

When we started talking with a wide range of IT managers and companies in early 2008, we quickly encountered a fascinating dichotomy – Cloud Computing is really easy / Cloud Computing is really hard.  What made this so interesting is that the casual users were saying cloud computing was easy and the hard-core users were claiming that it was hard.  Amazon and a number of other cloud providers have made major advancements since this time, but the “it’s easy / it’s hard” split still exists.

Today, if you want to use the cloud and deploy a server, it is really quite easy to “build” a server from the base templates offered by the cloud providers.  There are consoles available to launch servers including providers' control panels (Amazon, RackSpace, Terramark), plug-ins for Firefox (ElasticFox), and third party products like RightScale.  Start from a predefined image, add your edits, and poof – you have a server running in the cloud.

It becomes a lot more complicated when you try to integrate an application with multiple servers running in the cloud with your existing data center infrastructure.  When I say infrastructure, I mean all of your existing networking, services (DNS, DHCP, LDAP, Identity), build processes, third party applications; basically, the whole of your IT environment that you depend on to make things work.

When you deploy applications in the cloud, they are running on an infrastructure built and maintained by the cloud provider.  This means that there is a certain amount of control that is transferred to the provider –the underlying control and assignment of resources they require in order to manage their environment. You need to understand this new environment, select the appropriate resources, and adapt your application to it.  But moving an application that’s been running in your enterprise infrastructure, with all its associated processes and relationships, to a cloud provider that has its own way of doing things is where using the cloud gets hard.
To highlight some of the difficult areas, we’ll examine a set of issues across a variety of cloud providers out there.  Because there’s a lot of ground to cover, I’ll break up the posts into multiple parts dealing with storage, networking, management, performance, and security. 

We’ll start with storage since it represents the real identity of the server and all that is important to your application and business. Stay tuned.

Thursday, 29 October 2009

What is Cloud Computing?

IT industry analyst IDC defined Cloud Computing as: "Cloud computing is the IT development, deployment and delivery model enabling real-time delivery of products, services and solutions over the Internet."

 In other words, it's using the Internet's processing power and storage space to host and deliver software applications to users,...

...and to store their data.

Cloud computing - which includes Software as a Service (SaaS) - means that your programs and data are held on servers which are owned and managed by a third party. You then connect to them over the Internet.

There are many good business reasons for using cloud computing. You do not have the capital outlay for the server hardware, software licences and data centres. You can pay by subscription, or even on a "pay as you go" basis.

Also, the servers are located in secure data centres and managed to a higher level than is normally possible for most small and medium businesses.

Tuesday, 27 October 2009

The substance behind cloud computing hype

Software as a service and cloud computing have come together to create a confusing range of vendor offerings that are being billed as the next greatest thing. But as the area evolves it is bringing new opportunities for resellers as well as significant caveats. All of the major vendors are now in some way involved, so it is important to monitor developments closely.

Telecom’s integration arm Gen-i has been involved in cloud computing for years. “Our capabilities span all three types of cloud services,” says head of infrastructure and business applications, Leanne Buer. “These are Infrastructure (IaaS), Platform (PaaS) and Applications (SaaS). We also offer communications-based solutions (CaaS) as hosted services.

"We are able to handle everything from the most simple cloud computing requirements through to clients with extremely complex needs. We are currently working on opportunities in the IaaS and CaaS space, which we can then build on as clients become more comfortable with IT being delivered over the cloud.”

Gen-i is seeing a growing trend towards cloud computing and significant growth in the range of services being offered over the cloud. The technology and the economic landscape have now reached a point where these types of offerings deliver both a cost benefit and an organisational benefit in scalability, speed of deployment and flexibility.

“We have been working in this space for many years and have a solid base of clients that currently use our hosted security (Safecom) as well as productivity SaaS offerings (Managed Mail),” says Buer. “Gen-i will also soon be launching a range of new infrastructure-based services offered through our cloud. We expect the overall uptake in computing, desktop and applications from the cloud to increase pretty sharply over the next 18 months as more clients see the benefits hosted solutions offer.”

Buer notes that it is important to realise that IaaS, SaaS and PaaS solutions may not always be the most effective solution for every business. “Each business should assess SaaS against their current and long-term requirements, which is something we do with all our clients,” she says.

Microsoft’s Online Services offers business email, calendar and tasks, internal websites, voice and video conference calls and indication of people’s availability. “Within the next 12 months Microsoft will have Office Web Applications available as well,” says national technology officer Brett Roberts. “The Microsoft solution will stretch across the desktop, browser and phone. Using the cloud services model is an attractive option for SMBs, as it has the potential to lower IT costs and it will ensure IT costs are more transparent. This purchasing model is certainly right for the current economic climate.”

Locally, Microsoft has been seeing those who already use its Office, Exchange and Sharepoint products getting interested in, and making enquiries about, the SaaS offerings.

“To address data security and service availability, we develop clear service level agreements with partners and customers,” says Roberts. “Our cloud solution also has a ‘reverse gear’ where data can be retrieved and stored alternatively should customers choose to do things differently.”

In addition to its SaaS offering, Microsoft provides the Windows Azure Platform. This is an internet-scale cloud services platform hosted in Microsoft datacentres, which provides an operating system and a set of developer services that can be used individually or together. The Azure platform can be used to build new applications to run from the cloud or enhance existing applications with cloud-based capabilities.

Microsoft’s business model is to work with local partners. “The majority of our revenue comes through the partner or reseller channel,” says Roberts. “In New Zealand we have 3500 partners, and are working closely with them to understand, position and sell Microsoft Online Services and cloud computing solutions.

NetSuite provides a SaaS business management solution, encapsulating Financials/ERP, CRM and e-commerce. The current economy has accentuated the significant trend towards cloud computing by SMEs, as well as larger businesses, says international products VP, Craig Sullivan.

“Businesses have seen their IT budget grow, and increasingly consumed, by maintenance and overhead, with little left over for innovation and gaining competitive advantage. Cloud computing fits the bill because it provides a zero capex solution coupled with easy, pay-as-you-go subscription services that eliminate costly maintenance and IT spend.”

Security and service availability remain a key area for any service provider to address. This is especially important when running a business application that is running core ERP, CRM and Ecommerce processes. NetSuite addresses each of these areas, and for service availability, provides a 99.5 percent service level commitment.

“We’re seeing robust growth in APAC as a whole,” says Sullivan. “According to Springboard Research, the market for SaaS-based ERP in Asia Pacific (excluding Japan) is estimated to grow from US$35 million in 2008 to US$193 million by 2012.”

There are substantial opportunities for the reseller channel, he says. “With the current economy, resellers of on-premise software have been particularly exposed to the unpredictability and risk of selling on-premise software,” says Sullivan. “The benefits of SaaS for resellers is that it delivers recurring revenues on customer subscriptions, year-over-year.”

IBM is seeing immense interest in internal clouds and about the SaaS/cloud market generally. “Growth within the past 12 months has been cautious, partly due to a lack of major local players,” says emerging technologies executive, Rob Varker.

“Google, Amazon and IBM have been offering cloud platforms, and there has been some takeup of these international offerings, but there has not been a large scale movement by major customers yet. Impediments to growth have been partly real, and partly perception, focusing upon discomfort with a new thing and concerns over security.”

Nevertheless, IBM’s view is that the market is likely to grow exponentially during the next 12 month, driven by reduced TCO and a favorable ROI. One issue is that companies frequently don’t review the TCO of existing infrastructure, which can grow and become less economic as the company expands.

Within the next four months, IBM will be introducing a virtual server service offering, designed to provide a managed hosting service to the SMB market. The service will scale and grow as required, and will integrate with existing services.

“For resellers, it is important to understand what aspects of client infrastructure are ready for cloud infrastructure,” says Varker. “The key to cloud computing is to standardise, rationalise, simplify and automate. For resellers, it is important to focus upon standardising and rationalising first.”

Revera is a locally owned and operated data centre and computing infrastructure provider. “We have feet in both SaaS and cloud computing camps,” says business development manager, Robin Cockayne.

“In the SaaS area, we provide ghosted IT infrastructure, maintaining our position as a pure-play infrastructure provider rather than software reseller. For software resellers we package monthly wholesale rated options, including software licenses, and additional service layers—such as help desk, storage, and disaster recovery. For example, we have spearheaded Microsoft’s local push into hosted CRM, adding necessary automated provisioning to our VDC (Virtual Data Centre) hosting platform to streamline channel delivery. Five years ago, SaaS was spooky. Not any more. It’s now a popular conversation inside IT departments and boardrooms.”

Revera also functions as a pure cloud infrastructure provider, concentrating on local clouds. As businesses accept that utility computing can provide the computing, network and storage resources that they need, deployment of applications into these environments is expected to accelerate.

“Point solutions, like payroll, CRM, and accounting, have spearheaded the SaaS market. Now we can expect to see chunkier applications lift off,” says Cockayne. “However, people should be aware that a not all clouds are the same. The current cloud hype fixates on international services over the internet. But a cloud is simply an easy way to connect to the things you need. And not all of that is provided by international internet. Domestic internet and private clouds are much less risky and more flexible.”

Revera white labels capability for resellers. “One SaaS example is locally owned CRM integrator Complete Solutions, which launched a CRM SaaS offering called CRMNow, bringing to market on-demand Microsoft Dynamics,” says Cockayne. “A feature of Microsoft Dynamics is multi-tenanted architecture, enabling hosting partners to run a single copy of the server application, but support multiple customers simultaneously and securely, easing hosting chores.”

Citrix has had a considerable amount of international success in the cloud computing market, selling solutions to some of the biggest vendors in the industry, including Amazon. “The key to a successful cloud venture is the delivery of content to the user,” says systems engineering manager, Chris Lockery.

“For example, using technologies like application virtualisation to deliver apps over any medium is a great enabler. Citrix covers SaaS and cloud through solutions such as the XenServer hypervisor, XenApp application delivery and XenDesktop desktop virtualisation tool. Also, this month has seen the availability of Citrix’s NetScaler VPX solution – a virtualised load balancing appliance which brings security and flexibility to acceleration solutions in the datacentre. “

Citrix has seen a spike in interest about cloud computing and SaaS from service providers - both in the enterprise and moving into the SME/SMB market. The company has seen special interest from service providers using Citrix products for application and desktop delivery and moving the market toward a hosted infrastructure model.

“Cloud in New Zealand is an emerging field,” says Lockery. “It’s an area that a lot of service providers are looking into and begining to invest in. There’s a big opportunity for small and medium businesses in New Zealand to benefit from the cost and management savings that IT as a service and cloud computing can bring them.”

Datasouth has traditionally been a provider of network infrastructure and software development services. In more recent times these services have evolved to include the supply of software and services to the mid market and SME business sectors.

“Datasouth’s focus in the cloud computing sector is to provide a complete solution,” says general manager, Craig Gerken. “We are not only hosting a client’s application or network infrastructure, but also supporting this environment at both the server and desktop level - as well as providing development and customisation of their line of business applications, business intelligence solutions and their collaboration and communication platforms.”

From Datasouth’s perspective, the interest in this area is from organisations having a requirement to deploy new applications, but the lacking capacity or capability to support this with existing on-premise network infrastructure. “A key example that we have seen a number of times is a client wanting to deploy Microsoft Office SharePoint Server, but being restricted by their existing infrastructure platform - and not having budget available to invest in the required platform upgrades.”

Software and services is still very much in its infancy. “I think the current hype will continue to grow over the next 12 months,” says Gerken. “What will be interesting over this time will be the increase in uptake by organisations moving to this deployment model. What is certain is that resellers that only focus on providing on-premise infrastructure platform support will find their business opportunities will substantially reduce over the coming years.”

Monday, 26 October 2009

Anatomy of a Cloud Consultant

Earlier this week I was asked to participate in a cloud panel with a group of so called cloud experts. The panel focused on the state of the cloud industry. I have been on many of these cloud panels in the last year and have found it to be pretty vague what defines a "cloud expert".

So what is a cloud expert/consultant? First let's go to wikipedia. According to the site, in the broadest sense, "a consultant is a professional who provides advice in a particular area of expertise. A consultant is usually an expert or a professional in a specific field and has a wide knowledge of the subject matter. A consultant usually works for a consultancy firm or is self-employed, and engages with multiple and changing clients. Thus, clients have access to deeper levels of expertise than would be feasible for them to retain in-house, and may purchase only as much service from the outside consultant as desired."

So a Cloud Consultant is basically an "expert" in the realm of cloud computing. Someone who has a deep and broad level of experience and understanding of the problems introduced by moving to a cloud based environment. This sounds straight forward enough.

So how do you qualify a cloud expert? This is where things start to get complicated. First of all, unlike other areas of IT there is no professional certification for "cloud consultants". So choosing a professional cloud consultant or service firm is a matter of doing your due diligence. To help, I've compiled a brief check list of things you may want to look for when selecting your cloud consultant.

1. Experience - As in any profession, experience solving real world problems is probably more important then anything else. Has your potential consultant done anything of consequence? What other companies has your consultant worked with, what major obstacles have they solved and how? On the flip side, if they claim 10 years experience as a cloud consultant, dig deeper, how did this obvious previous experience related to what more recently has been referred to as the cloud? Some possibly answers may include experience in Grid or Distributed computing, building large multi-location data center architectures, load balancing schemes, web server clustering or other elastic methodologies.

John M Willis is prime example with extensive experience in related areas of expertise such as Enterprise Systems management. Using this related experience Willis has been able to transfer those skills built up over decades into a thriving cloud consulting operation.

I'd also keep in mind that cloud computing isn't something new, but instead the intersection of several existing technologies. Make sure your consultant has the right mix of experience in the areas that are of most concern to you and your business.

2. Code - Often consultants do very little more then make recommendations that others must implement. This can be useful, but more often running code is more useful. One of the best and easiest ways to find great cloud consultants is look for those consultants who have taken it upon themselves to create open source cloud related Projects. The Boto Project by Mitch Garnaat is a perfect example. Garnaat is a longtime AWS consultant, a doer who is an active community member on the AWS community discussion boards, he proved his worth by his actions in the community and producing a project that helps thousands around the globe. It also helps that he's been working with AWS since 2006.

3. Community Engagement - As I mentioned previously, community involvement is another great way to gauge experience. Places like the the AWS discussion boards, or various other discussion groups are ideal places to find those hidden gems. They also provide valuable insight into the capabilities of the given consultant in a public setting. Is your consultant a troll who picks fights or are they a helpful member of the community? A quick Google search and you'll have your answer.

4. Blogs & Whitepapers -Blogs have also become very useful ways to determine a cloud consultants vision and capabilities. Although they may not shed to much light on their actual experience they do provide a potential channel by which you could find a consultant.

Randy Bias a well regarded cloud consultant provides what he describes as a StrengthsFinder Report to help potential consumers in their selection. The report provides a review of the knowledge and skills acquired and can give a basic sense of your consultants abilities. According to Bias, the report provides insight into the natural talents of the consultant and can give true insight into the core reasons behind their successes and why you should select them.

5. Interview - Like any job, interview your consultant. Ask them questions that would gauge their qualifications. Start off by asking them the ultimate trick question, "what is cloud computing?". Good answers avoid the specifics of the technology but instead focus on the opportunities. Bad answers are things like saying "Salesforce" or "Virtualization" or "VMware".

Keep in mind if you ask a 100 people what cloud computing is, you'll probably get 200 answers. So if you are wondering how would I answer, the question? Here you go, this one is on the house. "Broadly I see cloud computing as a new method to market, management and deploy software and or infrastructure using the web. Or more simply -- web centric software and infrastructure."

You may also want to refer to specific definitions use things like the wikipedia definition or the NIST definition as your benchmark. If your consultant says according to NIST or uses other well regarded "cloud luminaries" that isn't necessarily a bad thing. Just make sure you agree with them. For instance, according to Larry Ellison may be good if your getting a job with an Oracle shop, but no so good for a Google App Engine gig.

6. References - Your only as good as your last job. So make sure to do your homework and ask the right questions. What did the consultant do, what problems did they solve, what technologies and platforms did they use and why was it a cloud project?

In closing, I do believe that a major obstacle to cloud computing consultants is the lack of accreditation. One possibly solution is to create an official professional cloud certification. One model could be similar to the IT Architect Certification Program provided by the Open Group. The Open Group certification program provides a framework for accreditation of third parties to establish IT Architect certification programs affiliated to The Open Group. The framework of accreditation and certification is specifically intended to standardize the process and criteria for IT Architect professional certification and establish a foundation for the required skills and experience necessary to achieve such a distinction. Basically, the Open Group has created a basic way for you to select someone with a standard level of knowledge required to preform the job of a IT Architect. Similarly, this could be applied to the job of a cloud consultant / Architect.

Good Hunting.